The Peruvian and Colombian diplomatic negotiators from 1821 to 1830

Abstract

Izcue critically examines the border negotiations between Peru and Colombia, with focus on the Treaty of 1829 and the debated Pedemonte-Mosquera Protocol. The author questions the authenticity of the latter, the basis of the Ecuadorian claims, pointing to the absence of such document in the archives of Lima and Bogotá. He analyzes the private correspondence of Bolívar and the negotiators (Mosquera, Larrea y Loredo, Pedemonte), revealing the political submission of Peruvian diplomats to the Liberator. The central finding is a letter from General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera where he admits that, if Peru presents reliable documents (referring to the Royal Decree of 1802, lost at that time), it would have the right to justly claim the left bank of the Marañón. The text highlights Peru's documentary defenselessness at that time against Colombian political pressure.